Global warming means that the Earth is becoming warmer gradually. There is an increase in average global temperature of air and oceans, accompanied by widespread melting of glaciers and rising of sea level.
The United Nations intergovernmental panel on climate change States that there is clear evidence for 6 Celsius rise in Global temperature and 20 cm rises in sea level.
It predicts that "Global temperatures could rise by 1.4 to 5.8 C and sea level could rise by 20 to 80 cm by the year,21000". Majority of scientists and research organizations, including IPCC, have reached on census that Global warming is caused by massive increase of green house gases such as carbon dioxide in atmosphere resulting from burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
Green house effect
The temperature of earth is maintained by the balance between the heat energy returned into space.
Some atmospheric gas:
Carbon dioxide, methane, Nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons and water vapors are important to this temperature balance. They form the green house blanket in the atmosphere. This blanket absorbs some long wave radiation and radiate it back to the surface, which causes the atmosphere to warm up to 350 C. Without these gases, the earth's atmospheric temperature would rise up to 15 C to 20 C.
Evidence of global warming
This is why Global warming is taking place with greater pace due to abundant increase in emissions. " The scientists community us largely persuaded that not only is earth's climate warming, but the rate of warming is accelerating due to substantially human activity".
Global warming has three basic indicators.
Temperature
The temperature of land surface, ocean waters, and free atmosphere has been measured through fixed thermometer balloons in the air and satellites. By these sources, scientists have produced record of last 130 years, which show global warming period.
The record data of precipitation also reveals that there is upward global trend in global precipitation. It shows that precipitation has increased over land at high altitudes in the Northern Hemisphere.
Rise in sea level.
The global sea level has rises by about 20 cm over the past hundred year.
Initially, it was believed that the rise in sea level has occurred due to temperature increase as water expands on heating. But it is revealed by relevant data that the 40% increase was due to melting of ice.
Causes of Global warming
On the hand, cutting of trees for settlements and natural for incidents, like the summer fire in Australia and unusual fire in Russia. I 2010, due to high temperatures, are also causing deforestation at massive level.
Possible impact of Global warming
It is going to divest communities that are already the most marginalized in the World. These are the communities that are at least responsible for the industrial and historical emissions that created the problems.
Some impacts are the following
Coastal Areas
The coastline regions are most vulnerable. As United Nations panel on climate has reported that the sea level could rise by 20 to 88 cm. In next 100 year this is the serious problem.
Frequent and strong storms and floods.
Storms and floods are a Major natural hazard. The records show that the temperature regions, particularly in the Northern Hemisphere, have witnessed more storms over the last 50 years.
Health problems
Diseases and injury due to extreme events. Increased frequency, diarrhea, and cardiovascular diseases. The most threat to human health is access to fresh drinking water.
Ecosystem Destruction
Ecosystem is an essential component for biological diversity, it is going to be seriously affected by Global warming.
Agricultural less
The most varying concern of climate change is the effect that it will have on agriculture. The world is already facing a food crisis. According to the UN, more than 800 million worldwide people go to sleep hungry.
Conclusion:-
The Global warming has become the real test of foundation of our modern society, civilization, and democracy. Its implication have started to hit human being, which too harmful to be ignored. The solutions are at hand. Therefore, the world leaders have the responsibility to respond it effectively for the cause of humanity
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