DNA is like a bar code for every living organism on earth stores it's genetic information.Basically DNA is the deoxy ribose nucleic acid in detail it is the formation of the double helix structure which was developed in the year by the francis crick,james watson,rosalind franklin and maurice wilkins in the year 1953.It is the double helix structure bonded by the same bases and the coding of these are arranged during the formation with the help of genetic codes.These chemical bases form the DNA.These comes in four types.They are: Adenine(A),Thymine(T),Cytosine(c),Guanine(G).Three gentic codes form a stranded amino acid.
Genome sequencing for the precision of medicine and development in commercial gene testing-
Basically a genome is the DNA , or sequence of genes ,in a cell. Most of the DNA is in the nucleus and intricately coiled into a structure called the chromosome. The rest is in the mitochondria , the cell's power house. Every Human cell contains a pair of chromosomes, each of which has three billion base pairs or one of four molecules that pair in precise ways. The order of base pairs and varying lengths of the sequences constitute the "genes",which are responsible for making amino acids , proteins and , thereby , everything that is necessary for the body to function and do the movements.It is when these genes are altered or mutated that proteins sometimes do not function as intended, leading to diseases.
Sequencing of genome means deciphering the exact order of base pairs ina an individual. This "deciphering" or reading of the genome is what sequencing is all about.Costs of sequencing difffer based on the methods employed to do the reading or the accuracy stressed upon in decoding the genome.Since an initial rough draft of the human genome was made available in 2000,the cost of generating a fairly accurate "draft" of any individual genome has fallem to a tenth , or to a ball park figure of around 1000 dollars.
GENOME SEQUENCING
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