Sun is a huge reservoir of solar energy, which is basically due to the fusion reaction occurring in it because of the presence of hydrogen in it Hydrogen atoms (Protium /Deuterium) combine with each other to release a tremendous amount of energy which consists of light energy, heat energy, and sound energy. As accordingly with the law of conservation of energy i.e " Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be converted from one form to another and the total amount of energy remains constant".
- Light is an electromagnetic wave that doesn't require a material medium so it reaches earth.
- Heat is also transfered to the earth as an electromagnetic wave.
- Sound is a mechanical wave that requires some mechanical medium to pass through it, which isn't present between sun and earth so sound energy can't travel to the earth.
Electricity can be generated from both heat and light from the un.
- Electricity can be generated from the light by means of installing solar panels using the photovoltaic principles. Solar photovoltaic electricity can be produced due to the falling of photons on the surface of the solar panels. Photons that as light energy packs can be measured in quanta's energizes electrons so that electrons collide with the neighboring electrons of an extrinsic semiconductor due to which a current flows and circuit complete.
- Similarly, electricity can also be generated from the heat of the sun by installing heliostats /reflecting parabolic or plan mirrors in a circle around a tower and concentrating the sunlight to the receiver tank installed at the tower top containing molten sodium. The temperature reaches to 700-degree centigrade which is enough to boil water and to create steam which can run a turbine connected to it and can, in turn, rotate the rotor shaft of the synchronous generator coupled with a turbine to produce electricity using the principle of electromagnetic induction.
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