On 17 Aug 2021 a news came out that shocked the world once again; the Afghan terrorist group Taliban took over Afghanistan after America withdrew their troops from Afghanistan.
Role of Soviet Union.
In 1979 president and communist leader Nur Mohammed Tarakari was killed by fellow communist leader Hafizullah Amin in the greed of power. After that Soviet Union started interfering in Afghanistan. The new president of Afghanistan is now Hafizullah Amin.
Besides that, at the same time in Iran, the Iranian revolution happened where Islamist groups took over Iran. After that incident, the Afghan president Amir sacred that Islamist also take over in Afghanistan. He started repairing mosques, involving the name of Allah in his speeches, distributes copies of the Quran to the public.
But in Dec 1979, Soviet Union intervened Afghanistan by sending forces to Afghanistan and murdered Amin to gain influence in Afghanistan and put Islamic groups in power.1 Soviet Union did this because at that time cold war between U.S.A.and Soviet Union was going on.
After the death of Amin, Soviet union appointed Babrak Kamal as the new head of Afghanistan. Kamal is also known as the saur revolution leader as he released prisoners, changed the red communist's flag to a new flag, and gave a new constitution to Afghanistan to make peace in Afghanistan.
Role Of U.S.A.
As Soviet Union gained power in Afghanistan U.S.A. decided to take revenge. They started to support the group Mujahedeen which had opposing ideology than Islamist. Along with U.S.A. Pakistan and Saudi Arabia began to helping Mujahedeen.
The American intelligence agency C.I.A. conducted the most significant secret operation in Afghanistan, which is named Cyclone. The director of C.I.A., Robbert Gates, later confessed how president Jimmy Carter authorized $ 500,000 to Mujahedeen, C.I.A., I.S.I. of Pakistan, and M.I.6 of the British agency's supported Mujahedeen.
Who are Mujahedeen?
Mujahedeen are the Afghani protesters who are good guerilla fighter lives and fight on hills. After being supported by the U.S.A. and others, they got armors, guns, and anti-aircraft missiles.
1988 Geneva Accords.
In 1988, current Afghanistan president Mohammed Najibala signed Geneva accords with Pakistan, known as a peace agreement that both countries do not interfere with each other. The guarantors of these accords are the U.S.A. and Soviet Union.
Betrayal of U.S.A
After the Geneva accords, America promised that if the Soviet Union called back their army, the U.S.A. would also stop supplying armor to Mujahedeen.
In 1989 Soviet Union withdraws there army from Afghanistan and leaves Afghanistan. But America keep there support to Mujahedeen.
Rise and fall of new Afghanistan.
In 1987 new constitution in Afghanistan is formed under the president Najibullah. It removed one party one state rule and allowed other parties to run election. In 1988 recent parliament election was conducted, and in which Najibullah's party PDPA won the election.
In 1990 Afghanistan is declared as Islamic republic. But still American's keep supporting Mujahedeen and Soviet union started helping Najibullah. But Mujahedeen won the civil war in 1990.
Americans also helped Mujahedeen to print jihadi books which contained violent pictures.
Rise of Taliban.
In Pashtun language it means students. First leader Mullah Omar started the Taliban group with only 50 students. Afterward the Afghani refugees in Pakistan came back and joined Taliban.
Taliban always believed in Pashtun nationalism ideology and started protesting violently. In 1996 Taliban group captured Kabul and then rest part of Afghanistan the public also started the Taliban at first.
Taliban started banning everyday things such as cinema, t.v, v.c.r, football, chess, kite flying, photography, paintings, and much more. They also banned clean shave, foreigners, the internet, UN offices. They also prohibited the education of girls after the age of 10. They started killing non-Pashtun ideology Islamic peoples, destroyed buddha statues, killed Najibullah. Pakistan, Saudi and UAE always supported the Taliban.
In 1996, a northern alliance of Mujahedeen started a fight against the Taliban which they lost in 2001
Role of Osama Bin laden
On 11 Sept 2001, a Saudi terrorist group named 'Al Kayada' conducted an attack on the U.S.A. under the leadership of Osama Bin Laden. Taliban shelters Laden in Afghanistan and give him there support.
Laden wrote a letter to America saying that 9/11 was revenge for Americans' actions in Somalia, Libya, and Afghanistan. He given justification saying America is doing torture to Muslims in these countries.
After this incident,t America also wanted revenge from lade, so they sent their forces to Afghanistan and conducted airstrikes on the areas they suspected terrorists were hiding. In which some civilians are killed.
After that, with the help of Mujahedeen America, they somehow managed to back the Taliban and kept their forces in Afghanistan for 20 years.
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