CONSTIPATION :-
CONSTIPATION refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. The stool is often hard and dry . Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating and feeling as if one has not completely passed the bowel movement.complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, and fissure or fecal impaction .The normal frequency of bowel movements in adults is between three per day and three per week . Babies often have three to four bowel movements per day while young children typically have two to three per day its other name is Costiveness , dyschezia
x-ray of constipation
SYMPTOMS :-
Infrequent or hard to pass bowel movements , abdominal pain,bloating common causes includes slow movement of stool within colon,irritable bowel syndrome and pelvic floor disorders.medications associated with opiods about 90% develop constipation
BLOCKAGES IN COLON OR RECTUM
Tiny tears in the skin around the anus
A blockage in the intestines
Colon cancer
Narrow of the colon
Rectal cancer
Rectum bulge through the back wall of the vegina
DIFFICULTY WITH THE MUSCLES INVOLVED IN ELIMINATION
The inability to relax the pelvic muscles to allow for a bowel movement
Pelvic muscles that don't cordinate relaxation and contraction correctly
Weakness pelvic muscles
RISK FACTOR
Being an older adult
Being a woman
Being dehydrated
Eating a diet thats low fiber
Getting littel or no physical activity
Taking certain medications ,including sedative,opioid painmedications ,some antidepressants or medications to lower blood pressure
Having a mental health condition such as dereession or an eating disorder
TREATMENT
Treatment of constipation depends on the underlying cause and the duration that it has been present . meausres that may help include drinking enough fluids , eating more fiber and excercise. If this is not effective leaxatives of the bulk forming agent , osmotic agent stool softner or lubricant type may be recommended. Stimulant laxatives are generally reserved for when other types are not effective. Other treatments may includes biofeedback or in rare cases surgery in general population rates of constipation are 30% among ederly people living in a care home the rate of constipation is 50-75% people spend in us more then us$250 million on medications for constipation in a year.
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