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The World Alzheimer's Day is celebrated every year on September 21 under the auspices of the international organization, "Alzheimer's Disease International", with the aim of spreading information about this disorder to the public. This year, the theme chosen for this World Day is "Know Dementia, Know Alzheimer's". That is, "Know Dementia and Alzheimer's". Actually, Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia, which is common all over the world. It is a mental disorder, in which the brain cells are damaged rapidly and as a result the patient gradually loses his mental abilities. In fact, in Alzheimer's disease, the nerve cells, which are called neurons in the medical term, die in the part of the brain where the disease accumulates. As a result, the brain begins to shrink from the corresponding area. The part of the brain that this disease mostly affects is called the Hippocampus in medical terms and this is the part that performs the function of memory and thinking. Diagnosing Alzheimer's is difficult because the changes in the brain are gradual, with neurons dying and shrinking occurring months before symptoms appear. However, in case of chronic disease, a possible diagnosis is possible through MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). According to a research conducted in 2020, tau protein is found in our brain cells, through which we can determine any type of brain damage or Alzheimer's in the future, in both cases. This part of the brain is swollen. To be clear, in healthy brain cells, the function of a cell called Microglia is to destroy harmful substances that enter the brain. This disease flourishes when the performance of the brain slows down. A gene in our brain, called TREM2 (Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2), sends a message to the brain that as soon as possible beta. Get rid of beta-amyloid plaques and this causes the swelling of the affected area to decrease. The question is, “Why does this swelling happen?” If REM2 is not doing its job properly for whatever reason, the microglia's performance slows down, resulting in a build-up of chemicals in the brain. Due to which this particular part becomes swollen. Researchers say that before Alzheimer's develops, some hidden changes occur in the brain, which later become the cause of the disease. One of the reasons for this can be narrowing or obstruction of blood vessels in the brain. To be clear, while reduced blood flow to the brain causes cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's causes further damage to the vascular system, while dementia causes different types of brain damage. In this, as a result of affecting the frontal lobe of the brain or the temporal lobes of the side, small changes occur first in behavior and then in speech, or both of them i.e. behavior and speech are affected together. In some cases, only the memory is affected and in some, both conditions appear together. Conversely, in Alzheimer's, the cerebral cortex is affected. In its initial stage, the things and events of the present are not remembered, but the things and events of the past are remembered

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