a-MSH, amide (Synonyms: Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-amide, α-MSH, amide)
Catalog No.GP10060
a-MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone), amide engages the melanocortin-1 receptor and activates cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling via a G-protein transporter, can synthesize melanin.
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Description
Alpha MSH (α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone), amide engages the melanocortin-1 receptor and activates cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling via a G-protein transporter, can synthesize melanin. It is an endogenous neuropeptide, a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC). It is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities[1-4,10].
α-MSH-treated(1 hour; 300pg/ml) T cells showed higher levels of protein ubiquitination. Resting T cells treated with alpha-MSH also demonstrated enhanced protein ubiquitination[5].In α-MSH-stimulated(1 µM, 72 h) B16F10 cells, autophagosomes engulfing melanosomes following Pt treatment[6]. α-MSH regulates central nervous system inflammation by acting directly on melanocortin receptors in glial cells. α-MSH regulates the activation of NFκB. α-MSH inhibits nuclear transmigration of transcription factor κB[7].
α-MSH(0.5mg/kg;i.p;28days) modulated the excitatory-inhibitory balance in the brain by restoring GABAergic inhibition and improved cognition in TgCRND8 mice[8]. α-MSH(2, 6, 20 or 60 nmol)plays an important regulatory role in the spinal defecation center of rats. Intrathecal administration of α-MSH in mice can enhance the colonic movement of the L6-S1 spinal cord and block the pelvic nerve, but the pro-kinetic effect of α-MSH disappeared[9].
References:
[1]. Kim MS, Rossi M, et,al.Hypothalamic localization of the feeding effect of agouti-related peptide and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Diabetes. 2000 Feb;49(2):177-82. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.49.2.177. PMID: 10868932.
[2]. Singh M, Mukhopadhyay K. C-terminal amino acids of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone are requisite for its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011 May;55(5):1920-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00957-10. Epub 2011 Jan 31. PMID: 21282427; PMCID: PMC3088230.
[3]. Catania A, Delgado R, et,al.alpha-MSH in systemic inflammation. Central and peripheral actions. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999 Oct 20;885:183-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08675.x. PMID: 10816651.
[4]. Anderson EJ, Çakir I, et,al.60 YEARS OF POMC: Regulation of feeding and energy homeostasis by α-MSH. J Mol Endocrinol. 2016 May;56(4):T157-74. doi: 10.1530/JME-16-0014. Epub 2016 Mar 3. PMID: 26939593; PMCID: PMC5027135.
[5]. Biros DJ, Namba K, et,al.Alpha-MSH regulates protein ubiquitination in T cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2006 May 30;52(2):33-8. PMID: 16914084; PMCID: PMC4698146.
[6]. Hseu YC, Vudhya Gowrisankar Y, et,al. The in vitro and in vivo depigmenting activity of pterostilbene through induction of autophagy in melanocytes and inhibition of UVA-irradiated α-MSH in keratinocytes via Nrf2-mediated antioxidant pathways. Redox Biol. 2021 Aug;44:102007. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102007. Epub 2021 May 19. PMID: 34049220; PMCID: PMC8167190.
[7]. Lipton JM, Zhao H, et,al.Mechanisms of antiinflammatory action of alpha-MSH peptides. In vivo and in vitro evidence. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999 Oct 20;885:173-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08674.x. PMID: 10816650.
[8]. Biros DJ, Namba K, et,al.Alpha-MSH regulates protein ubiquitination in T cells. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2006 May 30;52(2):33-8. PMID: 16914084; PMCID: PMC4698146.
[9].Ueda HH, Naitou K, et,al. α-MSH-induced activation of spinal MC1R but not MC4R enhances colorectal motility in anaesthetised rats. Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 12;11(1):487. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80020-x. PMID: 33436759; PMCID: PMC7803980.
[10].Song, X.; Mosby, N.; Yang, J.; Xu, A.; Abdel-Malek, Z.; Kadekaro, A.L. alpha-MSH activates immediate defense responses to UV-induced oxidative stress in human melanocytes. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2009, 22, 809-818.
Protocol
Chemical Properties
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
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